A bruise develops under the skin if there is too much pressure locally due to a bump or fall. The very small blood vessels rupture causing blood to leak under the skin. This causes the skin to discolor to the familiar blue, purple and black color. Normally these spots heal in two to four weeks and may change color. Bumps that occur lower on the body recover more slowly because the blood pressure is relatively higher there. What Causes Bruises or Bloodstains?

Bruise

• Different degrees
• Getting the condition quickly
• Abuse and domestic violence
• Blood spots due to purpura
• Bruise on the ankle
• Unexplained blood stains

Different degrees

Most bruises are often ignored because they do not hurt and heal on their own. Often we don’t even know why we have a bruise because we simply don’t remember if we bumped ourselves somewhere. We are often distracted by other aspects of life, so we don’t know if we have hurt ourselves. If there is a serious bump or fall, a bruise can swell and cause additional pain. If severe swelling and pain start within thirty minutes of an incident, there may be a serious sprain or fracture.

Getting the condition quickly

If you bruise easily, you probably don’t even remember the incident. If you bruise easily, this does not mean that you have a health problem. Some people just bruise more easily. Older people in particular are prone to bruising, mainly on the head, hands and feet. This is because the skin becomes thinner and less flexible as we age. The amount of fat under the skin decreases and thus the resilience or buffer of the skin also decreases. These changes in the skin, accompanied by the influence of solar radiation, cause blood vessels to break more quickly. In addition, women are more likely to suffer from it than men.

Abuse and domestic violence

Some bruises or bumps are not clearly attributable to an accident or fall, but may be caused by abuse or domestic violence. In that case, the pattern of the spots must be carefully examined. Multiple bruises on the arms can mean that someone has squeezed them too hard. But bruises near the eye or on the back can also be an indication of abuse or domestic violence. If you notice these facts in a person, seek help to prevent further abuse.

Blood spots due to purpura

The development of blood spots may be due to purpura or petechiae. Petechiae are harmless very small discolorations of the skin up to 3 millimeters in size. Purpura (purple), on the other hand, is caused by more severe bleeding into the skin. The skin changes color from red to purple and the spots are up to a centimeter in size. These spots can be concentrated together, so that it appears as if a large part of the skin is covered with them. If there is ecchymosis, the spots are larger. This condition is caused by typhoid fever but can also be caused by meningitis. If you have multiple red to purple skin spots, always have them medically examined.

Bruise on the ankle

Special attention should be given to the bruise on the ankle. This spot is normally not caused by a fall or bump but arises in the body itself. You then have deep vein thrombosis, which causes blood to flow slowly in the legs. The veins in the legs are weak and dilated. Red blood cells can escape from the blood vessel and leak to the skin where they accumulate. The skin turns from red to brown or black over time and is very delicate. If a wound occurs, it will be very difficult to heal. This sometimes requires treatment for months, during which time a pressure bandage or bandage must always be worn to recover from the ulcerated leg.

Unexplained blood stains

If you suddenly get blood spots under the skin out of nowhere, or a sharp increase in the occurrence of bumps, this could be caused by:

• blood thinners, aspirin, or alcohol abuse;
• an infection in the body that causes toxins to build up in the body;
• thrombosis and deep vein thrombosis. These can lead to a heart attack, cerebral infarction or pulmonary embolism;
• liver disease, cancer, acute myeloid leukemia;
• a vascular disease;
• a deficiency of vitamins, minerals or bad food.

If unexplained blood spots on the skin occur frequently, always have a medical examination as this may indicate a life-threatening illness.

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